Real-time SERS monitoring anticancer drug release along with SERS/MR imaging for pH-sensitive chemo-phototherapy

In situ and real-time monitoring of responsive drug release is critical for the assessment of pharmacodynamics in chemotherapy. In this study, a novel pH-responsive nanosystem is proposed for real-time monitoring of drug release and chemo-phototherapy by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The Fe3O4@Au@Ag nanoparticles (NPs) deposited graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites with a high SERS activity and stability are synthesized and labeled with a Raman reporter 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid (4-MPBA) to form SERS probes (GO-Fe3O4@Au@Ag-MPBA). Furthermore, doxorubicin (DOX) is attached to SERS probes through a pH-responsive linker boronic ester (GO-Fe3O4@Au@Ag-MPBA-DOX), accompanying the 4-MPBA signal change in SERS. After the entry into tumor, the breakage of boronic ester in the acidic environment gives rise to the release of DOX and the recovery of 4-MPBA SERS signal. Thus, the DOX dynamic release can be monitored by the real-time changes of 4-MPBA SERS spectra. Additionally, the strong T2 magnetic resonance (MR) signal and NIR photothermal transduction efficiency of the nanocomposites make it available for MR imaging and photothermal therapy (PTT). Altogether, this GO-Fe3O4@Au@Ag-MPBA-DOX can simultaneously fulfill the synergistic combination of cancer cell targeting, pH-sensitive drug release, SERS-traceable detection and MR imaging, endowing it great potential for SERS/MR imaging-guided efficient chemo-phototherapy on cancer treatment.

Clinical Observation of Edaravone Combined with Nimodipine in the Treatment of Acute Large Area Cere-bral Infarction / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of edaravone combined with nimodipine in the treatment of acute large area cerebral infarction. METHODS:78 patients with acute large area cerebral infarction were randomly divided into control group (38 cases) and observation group (40 cases). Control group received aspirin platelet aggregation,reduced intracranial pres-sure,maintained water and electrolyte balance,decreased cerebral edema,Xuesetong for injection,Ginkgobiloba injection,lipid and blood pressurelowering,maintained blood sugar and other conventional treatment;observation group additionally received 30 mg Edaravone injection,adding into 100 ml 0.9% Sodium chloride injection by intravenous infusion (drip completed within 30 min),twice a day+12 mg Nimodipine injection,adding into 500 ml 0.9% Sodium chloride injection by intravenous infusion,once a day,with drip rate of 0.5-1 mg/h,for continuous 10 d,then received 40 mg Nimodipine tablet,orally,3 times a day. The treat-ment course for both groups was 15 d. Clinical efficacy,blood oxygen saturation (SpO2),hemoglobin (Hb),total hemoglobin (HbT),reduced hemoglobin(MHb)before and after treatment,and the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were observed. RESULTS:The total effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than control group,the incidence of adverse reac-tions was significantly lower tahn control group,the differences were statistically significant (P0.05). After treatment,the SpO2,HbT and MHb were significantly higher than before,and observation group was higher than control group,the differences were statistically signifi-cant(P0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Based on the conventional treatment,edaravone combined with nimodipine shows significant efficacy in the treatment of acute large area cerebral infarction,it can effectively recovery neuro-logical function damage and protect the brain tissue,which can reduce the incidence of adverse.

Cervical Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential in Diabetes Rats / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective To verify whether cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) can be used as an effective method to assess vestibular functions in diabetic rats ,we examined and analyzed cervical vestibular e-voked myogenic potential (cVEMP) in different duration diabetic rats and normal rats .Methods A total of 220 male SD rats were randomly divided into control group (n=20) and diabetes group (n= 200) .The diabetic rats were further divided into 4 ,6 ,8 ,10 ,and 12 week groups (40 rats each group) according to the diabetes duration . Diabetes was induced by STZ .The general situation ,ABR and cVEMP were conducted in all the groups .Results All diabetic groups appeared typical diabetic symptoms including polydipsia ,polyuria ,more food ,weight loss (P 0 .05) .Conclusion In the cVEM P test ,the threshold increased ,the PI peak latency and N1 peak latency prolonged from the 8 th week of diabe-tes rats models .Vestibular functions were descent gradually due to different degrees of vestibular end -organ impairment . All data indicated that VEM P could be used as an early diagnostic method .

Effects of arsenic trioxide combined with cisplatin on expression of PCNA and Ki-67 in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenograft in nude mice / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo study the effects of Arsenic Trioxide on the growth of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell strain CNE-2Z xenograft in nude mice, and explore the possible mechanisms of the antitumor effect. METHODSThe models of human poorly differentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma in nude mice were established and randomly divided into 4 groups (control group, As2O3 group, DDP group and As2O3+DDP group). The antitumor effect of every group was studied. Pathological changes of tumor tissues dyed by HE staining were observed with light microscope. The pathological changes of the heart, liver, lung and kidney from nude mice were also observed by HE staining. Blood routine test was examined. Expression of PCNA and Ki-67 were detected by immunohistochemistry method.RESULTSThe growth of tumor in As2O3, DDP and As2O3+DDP were obviously inhibited. No pathological changes and metastases were found in heart, liver, lung and kidney of the nude mice. No obvious toxicity of the treatment to the hematopoietic systems in the nude mice was observed. The expression of PCNA and Ki-67 were down-regulated.CONCLUSIONAs2O3 can inhibit the growth of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell strain CNE-2Z xenograft in nude mice, the mechanism of which might be related to the down-regulation of PCNA and Ki-67.

The influence of hypothermia plasma radiofrequency ablation on synechia nasal after nasopharyngeal carcinoma radiotherapy / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of hypothermia plasma radiofrequency ablation to the adhesion of nasal cavity after radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.@*METHOD@#The subjective score combined with nasal ventilation function test were used to reflect the degree of patients with nasal adhesion.@*RESULT@#There is a significant improvement in subjective feeling after treatment. Nasal cavity volume began to increase and nasal expiratory resistance decrease obviously 3M later.@*CONCLUSION@#Hypothermia plasma radiofrequency ablation technology can improve the nasal cavity adhesion in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy, and also the patients quality of life.

Effects of arsenic trioxide combined with cisplatin on the growth of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and reversion of RASSF1A hympermethylation / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) combined with cisplatin on expression of RASSF1A in nude mice with human nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenograft.@*METHOD@#The models of human poorly differentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma in nude mice were established and randomly divided into four groups, control group (NaCl group), As2O3 group, DDP group and As2O3 + DDP group. The expression of RASSF1A mRNA and protein were detected by Real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry respectively. The methylation rate of RASSF1A promoter CpG islands was analyzed by HRM.@*RESULTS@#Experimental groups could obviously inhibit the growth of tumor and up-regulate the expression of RASSF1A. The methylation rate of RASSF1A in transplanted tumors in experimental groups was lower than the control group. Especially As2O3 combined with DDP were superior to the single drug use.@*CONCLUSION@#As2O3 inhibits the growth of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell strain CNE2 xenograft in nude mice and increases mRNA expression of RASSF1A. As2O3 inhibits the malignant phenotypes of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and reverses hypermethylation of RASSF1A.

Inhibitory effect of arsenic trioxide combined with cisplatin on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenograft and DAPK in nude mice / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the inhibitory effect of Arsenic Trioxide (As2O3) combined with diamminedichloroplatinum (DDP) on the growth of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell strain CNE-2Z xenograft in nude mice, and to explore the possible effect mechanisms of the antitumor.@*METHOD@#The models of human poorly differentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma in nude mice were established and randomly divided into four groups, control group, As2O3 group, DDP group and As2O3 + DDP group. The effect of antitumor on each group was studied. The specimen obtained from the mice were detected by optical microscope and tdt-mediated dutp rock end labeling (tunel) method. Expression of DAPK was detected by real time-PCR and immunohistochemistry.@*RESULT@#As2O3 group and AS2O3 + DDP group could obviously inhibit the growth of tumor, induce the apoptosis of human naso pharyngeal carcinoma cell and up-regulate the expression of RASSF1A.@*CONCLUSION@#As2O3 can greatly inhibit the growth of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell strain CNE-2Z xenograft in nude mice, which were related to the induced apoptosis of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell and up-regulated expression of DAPK Combination of As2O3 with DDP seem to be more effective.

Apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells line CNE-2 induced by dihydroartemisinin and its possible mechanism / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#Dihydroartemisinin is a traditional anti-malarial drug, a derivative of the artemisinin, it has anti-tumor activity of a variety of tumor cells. This study investigated the effect of growth inhibition of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells line CNE-2 induced by dihydroartemisinin and its possible mechanism.@*METHOD@#The effect of DHA on the cell proliferation of CNE-2 was detected by CCK-8 assay with different concentrations and time. The effects of DHA on the cell apoptosis of CNE-2 were detected by Annexin V-FITC assay through flow cytometry and caspase-3 activity assay.@*RESULT@#CCK-8 experimental results show that CNE-2 cell proliferation was suppressed with DHA treatment, as compared with the control group. DHA could induce marked apoptosis in CNE-2 by apoptosis assay, as compared with the control group, The percentages of apoptotic cells increased along with the increase of DHA concentrations in CNE-2; The activity of caspase-3 was increased following DHA treatment in a dose-dependent manner.@*CONCLUSION@#DHA could effectively inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells line CNE-2, the possible mechanism DHA induce apoptosis of CNE-2 cells by upregulating the expression of caspase-3.

Microsurgical removal of suprasellar craniopharyngioma via pterional approach / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore the microsurgical techniques for total removal of the suprasellar cranio pharyngiomas via the pterional approach.Methods The clinical data of 28 patients with suprasellar craniopharyngio mas resected by the microsurgery was analyzed retrospectively.Results The tumors were total removed in 24 cases (86%)and subtotal resected in 4 cases(14%).The frequent postoperative complications are diabetes insipidus,hy perthermy,imbalance of water and electrolyte and lower level of hormone.Conclusion It is the key to get fine operation effect that removal sclerotin of base of skull as far as possible and releasing cerebrospinal fluid sufficiently,paying attention to protect the perforating branch and nourishing artery in each operative spaces.

The reform of otolaryngology internship teaching of five-year program otorhinolaryngology in medical college / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Aiming at the characteristics of internship teaching in otorhinolaryngology, in the professional teaching of five-year program otorhinolaryngology,by adopting the means of strengthening the teaching of basic subjects, using endoscopic multimedia digital systems, and "5 +5" teaching model etc. can enhance students’ mastery of the theory of knowledge, improves their ability of clinical practice, and guarantees and improves the otorhinolaryngology teaching quality.

Expression of phosphatase and tensin homology deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) and FasL proteins and their significance in human small cell lung cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To investigate the expression of phosphatase and tensin homology deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) and FasL proteins and their correlation in human small cell lung cancer (SCLC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Expression of PTEN and FasL proteins was examined in forty-two paraffin-embedded SCLC samples and sixteen pulmonary benign disease tissues by SP immunohistochemical technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Loss rate of PTEN protein in 42 SCLC tissues (73.8%) was significantly higher than that in 16 pulmonary benign disease tissues (0%) (P < 0.01). The loss of PTEN protein was related to TNM stages (P < 0.01), but not to cellular subtype and sex and age of patients (P > 0.05). FasL expression rate in 42 SCLC tissues (50.0%) was remarkably higher than that in 16 pulmonary benign disease tissues (12.5%) (P < 0.05). The expression level of FasL in PTEN-positive SCLC tissues was significantly lower than that in PTEN-negative SCLC tissues (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Loss of PTEN expression may play a role in the occurrence and development of SCLC. There is an up-regulated expression of FasL protein in SCLC. The deletion of PTEN protein may be related to the high expression of FasL protein.</p>